System of grain ventilation



June 16, 1925. 1,542,721

' C. PIENING ET AL SYSTEM OF GRAIN VENTILATION Filed June 23. 19242-Sheets-Sheet l 771 zine/few azg- C. PIENING ET AL SYSTEM OF GRAINVENTILATION Filed June 23. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 jm/en76rs Cf Pie/Inky777. fleivehzrz/ Patented Junc'lfi, 1 925.

UNITED STATES PATENT ol-rlcs.

7 CHARLES PIENING AND MICHAEL HEINEKEN, OFHAMBURG, GERMANYL;

SYSTEM or sRAINfvENrILArIoN.

To all whom it may concern: 7 Be it known that we, CHARLEsPIENINo GermanRepublic, both residing at Hamburg, Germany,"have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Systems of Grain Ventilation, for which wehave made applications for patents in Germany .Aug.

9, 1922, and in Hungary Oct. 13, 1922, and

of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to arrangements for storing and preserving grainand similar material in a closed receptacle by means of airconductedthroughthe material. According to the invention the receptacle has aperforated tubular extension on the roof 1 in which, by a partition, twocompartments are formed, the upper compartment being connected by a tubewith the compartment below a perforated partition, ap'erforated I tube'enclosing said connecting tube being fixed. in the lower compartment ofthe. tubular extension so that the inner tube and the outer tubecommunicate. With one another through the intermediary of the perforatedpartition.

The compartments formed in the tubular extension are of unequal size,the upper com partment being larger than the lower compartment. Owing tothis difference in size a draught is produced by the wind blowingalongthe tubular extension, said draught being more or less strong in.accordance with the force of the wind. Owing to this draught fresh airis continuously sucked into the receptacle through the inner tube andthe perforated partition so that the a grain stored inthe receptacle iswell aired' The ventilation can be further increased by arranging above,the tubular. extension a cowl adjusting itself automatically inaccordance with the directionof the wind, said cowl compi-isingtwoscreens of which the one forms a wind-catch for the upper compartment ofthe tubular extension, the other screen serving for leading the windalong the lower compartment of said tubular extension. For this cowlwith the two screens, fans may be substituted, one for each compartment,the one fan serving to force .air into the inner tube, the other oneserving to suck air from the perforated outer tube. I An embodiment ofthe invention is showndrawings,in which: n and MioHAnL HEINEKE'N,citizens of the Application filed June 23, 1924. Serial No. 721,947.

by way of example on the accompanying Fig. 1 is a vertical centralsection of the apparatus. r

Fig. 2 is across section online 2 2 of Fig. 1.. l i

a tubular extension on the roof of special construction.

- Fig. 4 is a side elevation of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is across section on line 5 5 of Fig. 3.

The wall of the silo or receptacle is in- Fig. 3'is a vertical centralsection through dicated by B, the bottom by B and th top plate by BAbove the bottom B a perforated bottom plate I) is arranged whichisconnected with the top or cover plate B by a. tube 2' which isperforated 011 its entire length and forms the inner wall of thereceptacle. In this perforated tube i'a "tube T is concentricallyarranged the lower end of which .is fixed in. the lower end of theperforated tube z, the upper end of tube 7" being mounted in ahorizontal partition 9 of a tubular extension a on the top plate on roofB Thistubular extension at is divided by the horizontal partition 7 intotwo compartments a and (11. The inner tube 7' communicates Wlthcompartment a and the perforated tube i communicates with compartmenta2. The wall of the tubular extension (1 is perforatedlabove and belowthe horizontal partition 9. The lower end of the inner tube a"terminates in the space between the bottom B'- and duct fresh-airthrough the compartment a and the inner'tube 1 into the space betweenthe two bottom plates of the receptacle. This fresh air ascends throughthe perforated intermediate bottom plate 5 and through the grainstoredon; the same and flows outthro'ughthe perforated inner wall 2' andcompartment of. i

In order to make the ventilation in the grain perfect a plurality oftubes .2 may be arranged on the perforated bottom plate 6 andcommunicate with the. space between said perforated bottom plate 7) andthe floor B. These tubes 2 have perforated walls. The rece tacle or siloshown in Figs. land 2 is sub ivided into a number of chambers byvertical radial walls 2],- each chamber be:

ing designed for a special kind of grain. In this case each chamber hasits own door.

In the floor B which is inclined towards the centre a tube to terminatesat the centre which is designed for the admission of a gaseous fluid fordisinfecting the stored grain, for instance hydrocyanic acid, formalineor the like. A lensehaped disk to arranged above the orifice of the tubew serves for uniformly distributing the disinfecting fluid. The centralpart of the top plate or roof B of the receptacle rests upon a cup 19(Fig. l) suspended on the perforated tube 2' and arranged in :such :amanner that the tubular extension a may be mounted on it. A roof h iseither rigidly or movably fixed [on the tubular extension a. \V-hen theroof it is revolubly "mounted it is carried by a vertical shaft h (Figs.3 to 5) the lower end \of which is. journaled in a step hearing if fixedin the inner tube 1. The roof it has two vertical screens '1) and *0,screen o serving as wind catch for the upper compartment a of thetubular extension, the other screen 12 serving to direct the windvertical of the lower compartment a That is to say, the wind is directedaround the lower compartment to exert a suction effect on the :sideopposite that against which the wind "is blowing. The two screens 4), vare connected with one another by shackles 21. A weatherboard 7 on theroof h adjusts this roof according to the direction of the wind so thatthe air caught by screen o is forced into the compartment a" and throughthe inner tube r into the space'between the floor B and the intermediatebottom '6, the wind flowing along the screen '22 exerting a suckingaction which assists the escape of (the air thnough the silo so thatthis silo as well as the grain stored in it are well aired. F or therevoluble roof-shaped hood h with weatherboard f :one or two fans maybesubstituted.

One fan may be used for forcing the air into the inner tube 1 or one fanmaybe used for sucking the air from the tube 5 or two fans may bearranged one above the two tubes 1 and 2', theone fan working onpressure and the other on (suction.

The inner tube 7? projects as shown in'Fig. 3 above the partition 9 inthe tubular extension a so :that an annular space is formed between:said tube the wall of compartment a. This annular space is filled witha hygroscopic substance 0, for instance slacked lime, for extracting themoisture of the air before the same enters into tube 1".

We claim.

1. A combination with a receptacle having a closed bottom, a roof, atubular extension on the roof of said receptacle, a horizontal partitionin said tubular extension dividing the same into two compartments forthe inlet and outlet of air, a perforated bottom plate at some distanceabove the floor of :said receptacle, .a tube connecting the uppercompartment of said tubular extension with :the space between the floorand :the said bottom plate in the receptacle, a tube with perforatedwall fixed with its upper end in the .lower compartment of said tubularextension and with its lower end on said perforated bottom and enclosingsaid first mentioned tube.

2. The combination with a receptacle havaclosed bottom, a perforatedpartition above said bottom, an extension above the top, a partitiondividing the extension into upper and lower compartments for the let andoutlet of air, an imper forate tube leading from the space above thepartition in the extension to below the partition in the receptacle, anda perforated tube concentrio with the first mentioned tube and openingto the space below the partition in the extension.

3. The combination with a receptacle having a closed bottom, aperforated partition above :said bottom, an extension above the top, apartition dividing the extension into upper and lower compartments forthe inlet and outlet of air, an imperforate tube leading from the spaceabove the partition in the extension to below the partition in therec'eptacleand .a perforated tube concentric with the first mentionedtube and opening to the space below the partition in the extension, saidperforate tube extending vertically of the receptacle and beingconnected at its lower end to the perforated partition in thereceptacle.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

CHARLES PIENING. MICHAEL I-IEINEKEN. -Witnesses FRIEDRICH JULIUsFosHs,E. IKASPAREK...

